This article presents recent findings on the effect of thermal variances on pavements. It covers temperature measurement in asphalt pavement; the history of asphalt pavement temperature prediction models, determination of asphalt layer depth temperature; main factors contributing to temperature variations in the asphaltic pavement; energy balance in flexible pavements; asphalt pavement design incorporating the temperature factor; the effect of temperature on the structural performance of asphalt pavement; and environmental factors. The study concluded that temperature substantially affects the asphalt pavement layer's mechanical and physical material characteristics. This study has taken a close look at how pavement temperatures are measured and the models used to predict future temperatures. The research shows that temperature significantly affects the mechanical and physical properties of asphalt pavement layers.